Excavator Basics

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Excavator is one of the pieces of heavy equipment that you may hear talk about but rarely actually see – unless you are specifically looking for them. It helps to get your duty work done. Unlike a  loader or bulldozer ,they don't do a lot of driving but sit in just one place do a lot of work before moving a small distance to continue working.

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The excavator consists of a cab, an engine, undercarriage parts, a boom arm, and other attachments.Attached to the end of the boom is the stick (or dipper arm). The stick provides the digging force needed to pull the bucket through the ground. The stick length is optional depending on whether reach (longer stick) or break-out power (shorter stick) is required.


  • The cab is where the operator sits, on a rotating platform also known as the "house".

  • The engine offers power for hydraulic systems to run arm

  • Undercarriage parts include the tracks, sprockets, rollers, idlers, etc to guide and propel the tracks.

  • The boom arm connects with the bucket. A wide, large capacity (mud) bucket with a straight cutting edge is used for cleanup and leveling or where the material to be dug is soft, and teeth are not required.